DETERMINATION OF COLD PERIOD REQUIREMENTS OF SOME IMPORTANT PISTACHIO VARIETIES BY CLASSIC AND COLD UNIT METHODS AND DETERMINATION OF THEIR GROWTH TEM
DETERMINATION OF COLD PERIOD REQUIREMENTS OF SOME IMPORTANT PISTACHIO VARIETIES BY CLASSIC AND COLD UNIT METHODS AND DETERMINATION OF THEIR GROWTH TEMPERATURES AND TIME
(1989 – 1994)
Doc.Dr.Ayzin KUDEN 2Prof.Dr. Nurettin KASKA2
Doc.Dr.Bekir Erol AK3 Dr.Huseyin Tekin1
Objective
The main objective of this study was to determine cold period requirements of some important pistachio varieties by classic and cold unit methods and determine the required total growth temperatures and time therefore, economic pistachio farming in certain region for each varieties could be determined.
Materials and Methods
In this study, Siirt, Ohadi, Kirmizi, Halebi female varieties and 40-45 cm fruit branches ofknown male varieties were used. Although, the frequency of taking fruit branches under 7.2oC was 100 hr after November, later, it became 50 hr due to consider their requirements of completing cold period. When the fruit branches were placed in the water tank at 21oC, 21 days, 50% flowering of blooms considered as a reference of secondary stage showed the completing requirements of the resting stage of varieties. In addition, technological and pomological observations of blooming were done in the orchards.
Results
The results showed that the lowest cold period required 500 hr below 7.2oC for male 1 but male 2 required 650 hr.
Among the pistachio cultivars, Uzun variety showed the lowest cold stage with 600 hr followed by Halebi, Siirt, and Kirmizi with 650, 750, and 850 hr, respectively. Ohadi showed the highest cold stage as 1050 hr.
Ohadi variety required the highest heat as total growth degree hour, 11500 whereas Kirmizi variety required the lowest heat as total growth degree hour, 10700. Heat requirements of the other varieties placed between these two varieties.
Key Words; pistachio nut, varieties, low temperature
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1 Pistachio Research Institute in Gaziantep/turkey
2: University of Cukurova Department of Horticulture/Adana
